Browsing by Author "Ceylan, Ceren"
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Item DESIGN AND OPTIMIZATION OF SOLAR BASED HYBRID POWER SYSTEM(2022-01-24) Ceylan, Ceren; DEVRİM, YılserWith the developing technology and increasing World population, energy demand is increasing. Since fossil fuels are running out day by day, renewable energy sources have been used to produce clean energy. The most preferred renewable energy source is the Sun that cannot be used on cloudy days and nights. Also, the most important disadvantages of solar energy are storage. In these conditions, fuel cells are used to meet the energy needs and ensure continuity. Due to their short start-up times and high efficiency, fuel cells have become popular. Hydrogen (H2), the most common element in the universe, is used as a fuel in fuel cells. H2 is not an energy source, but it is a very good energy carrier. When H2 used as a fuel, water or water vapor is released. During the production of energy, there is no harmful gases and chemicals which pollute the environment and increase the greenhouse effect which provesthat it is environmentally friendly. In this thesis, 2.4 kW Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC), which was operated for 5 hours a day, was designed to meet the energy needs of a greenhouse in Şanliurfa. The electrolyzer was designed to produce H2 for PEMFC and the electricity demand for the operation of the electrolyzer was supplied from 80 photovoltaic (PV) cells. The produced H2 was stored in storage tanks for use in PEMFC. At the end of 365 days, total of 430 kg H2 was stored with designed system. Also, heat was released when PEMFC operates and it was approximately 20 kW per day. This heat must be removed to ensure that the PEMFC’s safety and high efficiency. The generated heat produced from PEMFC was removed with the help of the heat exchanger. In this process, while the temperature of the PEMFC cooling water, which was heated by the heat removal, decreases to 34 oC, the temperature of the water to be used for the heating of the greenhouse is increased up to 61 oC. The ratio of investment, operation, and maintenance costs to the amount of energy produced by hybrid energy system during operation gives the levelized cost of energy. It was calculated 1.77 $/kWh for this hybrid energy system.Article Green hydrogen based off-grid and on-grid hybrid energy systems(International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2023-12-25) Ceylan, Ceren; Devrim, YılserThis study aims to evaluate a green hydrogen (H2) based hybrid energy system (HES) from solar and wind renewable energy sources. The proposed HES contains PV panels, wind turbines and a proton exchange membrane water electrolyzer. Meteorology data such as solar radiation, temperature and wind speed were obtained from Atilim University Incek Campus Meteorology Station (Ankara, Turkey). The designed HES has been examined as both grid-connected and off-grid. In the grid-connected system, the electricity requirement of the load is supplied by the sun and wind, and the surplus energy produced is stored by producing H2 using an electrolyzer. In the off-grid HES, the electricity requirement of the load is completely provided by the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). In this system, the electrolyzer produces the H2 needed by the PEMFC with the energy provided by solar and wind energy. According to the results, 20,186 kWh of energy is produced annually in the on-grid and 3273 sm3 of H2 is stored. The off-grid system is investigated for Design-1 and Design-2 using two different wind turbine (WT) rated power. In Design-1 and Design-2, annually 95,145 kWh and 83,511 kWh of energy are produced annually 17,942 sm3 and 14,370 sm3 H2 are stored, respectively. When the on-grid and off-grid systems are examined; levelized cost of energy (LCOE) was calculated as 0.223 $/kWh for the on-grid system and 0.416 $/kWh and 0.410 $/kWh for Design-1 and Design-2 for off-grid systems, respectively.