Metallurgical and Materials Engineering

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A COMPANY-PERSPECTIVE COST ANALYSIS OF THE PERSONAL DUST MONITOR (PDM)
(The International Journal of Mineral Resources Engineering, 2007-07-20) REED, W.R.; VOLKWEIN, J.C.; JOY, G.J.
The personal dust monitor (PDM) is a new coal mine respirable dust sampling instrument that has the ability to provide accurate end-of-shift and real-time respirable dust exposure data. A hypothetical cost comparison analysis of the PDM with the current MSHA-required coal mine dust personal sampling unit (CMDPSU) was conducted. Some simplifying assumptions were made to create hypothetical cases for analysis. This analysis was limited to respirable dust sampling of the one designated operator (DO) and one designated area (DA) for one mechanized mining unit (MMU) which operated one shift per day. Only sampling intervals of the minimum sampling as required by federal regulations and continuous sampling were analyzed. This cost analysis from the company perspective is only one part of an overall cost/benefit analysis that should be conducted at a later date. In this analysis, company-associated costs were examined for both sampling systems. Results show that the PDM, while it has high initial costs of approximately $ 12,600, may be a cost-effective sampling system for measuring coal mine respirable dust. The estimated present worth cost of conducting the minimum requried dust sampling over a five-year life ranges from $5,850 to $19,000 for the CMDPSU, with the higher present worth cost including costs of potential violations incurred. For the PDM, the comparable present worth cost is $14,900 to $19,300, with the lower present worth cost representing a lower capital cost of $8,150 per unit if more than 850 units are produced per year, while the higher present worth cost reflects the results with the higher $12,600 capital cost.
QUALITY COST ASSESSMENT IN MINE TUNNELLING WITH DRILLING AND BLASTING
(The International Journal of Mineral Resources Engineering, 2007-07-20) KENZAP, Serguei A.; KAZAKIDIS, Vassilios N.
A decision making process for equipment selection in mine lateral development is presented. This addressess the need of mine development projects to increase actual lateral development rates for single headings using drilling and blasting techniques. The approach described in this papaer focuses on quality issues in a lateral development cycle by linking them to the "time value of money" concept. Th total poor quality cost estimation in lateral development is presented in case study #1, where typical lateral development practice at Falconbridge Ltd (now Xstrata Nickel) in the Sudbury basin was analyzed. A conceptual example, presented in case study#2, showa the practical application of the proposed approach and emphasizes the benefits of discrete event simulation in conjunction with process quality quantification in mine lateral development.
UNCONVENTIONAL NATURAL GAS FROM ABANDONED COAL MINES: MODELLING AND PERFORMANCE PREDICTION AT THE FRANKENHOLZ-ST. BARBARA MINING COMPLEX
(The International Journal of Mineral Resources Engineering, 2007-07-20) DURUCAN, Şevket; SHI, Ji-Quan; KORRE, Anna
This paper describes a joint research project carried out by Imperial College and Deutsche Steinkohle Aktiengesellschaft (DSK), in which the Imperial College in house gas-water two-phase Coalbed Methane (CBM) simulator was further developed to model abandoned mine methane recovery in the Saar Coalfield. Historical data on mining and methane emissions, as well as the long-term methane production data monitored at the Hangard shaft was used to validate the model developed. A satisfactory match tothe historical and currrent field data was achieved. Predictionsfor future production opportunities were made for the Allenfeld shaft in conjunction with production from the Hangard shaft which has been in production since 1960.
BIN VOLUME SELECTION IN RELATION TO HOIST OUTPUT AND STREAM OF ROCK EXTRACTED-ANALYSIS OF THE SYSTEM
(The International Journal of Mineral Resources Engineering, 2008-07-20) CZAPLICKI, Jacek M.
This paper conducts an analytical description of the problem of shaft bin volume selection in relation to the hoist output given and to the stream of rock mass delivered to the shaft. Special attention is devoted to the stochastic nature of phenomena occurring during ine operation. The stream of mass transported is identified as the Gaussian and the hoist daily output as the random variable that can be described by a modified beta distribution. The bin volmu is considered as a function of either the average value by which the rock mass exceeds the hoisting capacity of transportation both per day or the average rock mass that is delivered to the shaft during the mean time of hoist repair plus the corresponding standard deviation of thise repair time. The rock mass fluctuation in the bin is also taken into account, and its effect included in the calculation procedure.
INVESTIGATIONS INTO IMGI DUMP-SITE HYDROLOGY, SUB-SURFACE WATER AMD AND SOIL/MATERIAL CHARACTERIZATION TO ASSESS BASELINE DATA AND THE POLLUTION POTENTIAL TO SOO-YOUNG RIVER
(The International Journal of Mineral Resources Engineering, 2008-07-20) BHATTACHARYA, Jayanta; YIM, Gil Jae; JI, Sang Woo; LEE, Hyeon Seok; MIN, Jeong Sık; CHEONG, Young Wook
Dump site leachates, augmented by surface oxidation and solubilization of cations and anions, and are causing widespread distribution of potential pollutants to the Imgi stream. This study examines the surface physical, geochemical and hydrological characteristics to assess the release of various metals and sulfate. The study also examines the surface water transport of selected ions in the stream to assess non-reactive and sedimentation prospects of different ions. Further, The local soil characterization vis-a-vis unaltered soil was also made to determine the pyhsical degradation.
THE CO2 FOOTPRINT OF THE U.S. MINING INDUSTRY AND THE POTENTIAL COSTS OF CO2 LEGISLATION
(The International Journal of Mineral Resources Engineering, 2008-07-21) AZIZ, Abdulmajeed; KECOJEVIC, Vladislav
The purpose of this study is to estimate the carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions or footprint of the U.S. mining industry, and based on potential CO2 legislation estimate the cost of industry's footprint. The CO2 footprint is calculated by using a limited Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method, and the cost implications to the mining industry are evaluated using two well-known CO2 legislation frameworks: U.S. Energy Information Agency's (EIA) the National Energy Modeling Systems (NEMS) model, and Massachusetts Institute of Technology's (MIT) Emissions Prediction and Policy Analysis (EPPA) model. The results of this study indicate that the mining industry currently emits 97.17 million tonnes of CO2 annually. In an effort to reduce CO2 emissions levels into the atmosphere, the government is expected to develop a federal mandate that will be structured as a CO2 tax and/or through a cap and trade system, such as that proposed by the Lieberman-Warner Climate Security Act of 2008. Following suit with this bill, cumulative estimated costs of a federal cap and trade system on the mining industry between 2012 and 2050 is projected to range from $162 to $417 billion.
FLOTATION OF REFRACTORY MARMATITE ORE BY USING AMMONIACAL COPPER (II) SOLUTION AS ACTIVATOR
(The International Journal of Mineral Resources Engineering, 2008-07-21) RAO, Feng; SONG, Shaoxian; TONG, Xiong; XIE, Xian; LOPEZ-VALDIVIESO, Alejandro
The flotation of a refactory marmatite ore in China has been studied by using ammoniacal copper (II) solution as the activator in this work, in order to improve the Zn recovery of the marmetite flotation. The experimental results have shown that the ACS could increase the Zn recovery of 9%, compared withcopper sulphate (a commonly used activator for sphalerite and marmatite). The marmatite flotation with the ACS as activator consume much less lime because it was realized at pH 9, while that with copper sulphate as the activator is carried out around pH 12. The less lime consumption not only leads to savings on operation costs, but also reduces the corrosions of flotation celss and stirring tanks, etc. The mechanism by which the ACS acts as activator in marmatite flotation has been found to be attributed to the chemical adsorption of copper (II)-ammonia complexes (CuNH32 and Cu(NH3)22) on marmatite surfaces, leaving to active sites on the surfaces for the adsorption of xanthate ions.
A CALCULATION METHOD FOR A SHOVEL-TRUCK SYSTEM WITH AN INCLINED HOIST OF TRUCKLIFT TYPE
(The International Journal of Mineral Resources Engineering, 2008-07-21) CZAPLICKI, Jacek M.
The proposal to apply an inclined hoist of the Trucklift type in open pit mining hung in mid-air. Although this suggestion is quite interesting, no mine around the world was interested in such an installation. It appears that one of the main reasons for which the proposal missed its aim was the lack of the method of analysis and calculation of shovel-truck systems including such a type of hoist to allow an assessment of what kind of improvement might be expected if the hoist is employed in the system. This paper shows the method of analysis and calculation of shovel-truck systems with a hoist, considering the majority of the important compenents that have an influence on the course of the operation/exploitation process of the machinery system. An example is given to add to the communicativeness of the considerations and conclusions drawn.
GELENEKSEL METALURJİ MÜHENDİSLİĞİ, GÜNCEL MALZEME MÜHENDİSLİĞİ VE UYGULAMA ALANLARI
(Bilim ve Teknoloji, 2012-04-13) TEKİN, Erdoğan
Malzemeler tarihin her döneminde uygarlığımızın derinliklerinde yer almıştır. Yaşamımızın her aşamasında malzemeler ile karşılaşmaktayız. Kaşık-çataldan bulaşık makinasına, arabalardan trenlere uçaklara hep malzemeler var. Tarih boyunca toplumların gelişmeleri, toplumların gereksindiği malzemeleri üretme ve kullanma yetilerine bağlı olmuştur. Eski çağlarda da uygarlıklar “tunç çağı” benzeri geliştirdikleri malzemelerin adıyla anılmıştır. Anadolu, M.Ö.5000 öncesinden beri dökümcülüğün anavatanı olmuştur. Anadolu Medeniyetleri Müzesi ile ülkemizdeki diğer müzelerimizde M.Ö. 2800 öncesine dek Hitit, Frig, Lidya ve Urartu dönemlerini kapsayan parça dökümler sergilenmektedir. Daha sonraki Selçuklu ve Osmanlı dönemlerine özgü sayısız örnekler de vardır. Tunç, bu dönemlerin en önemli alaşımı olmuştur. Arsenikli bakırdan üretilmiş Hitit güneş çemberi ve geyik heykelcikleri önemli örneklerdir. Bazı dökümlerin gümüş kaplı olması, çok eskiden beri demirdışı metallerin üretilebildiğini ve dökülebildiğini kanıtlamaktadır.
A STUDY ON THERMAL DECOMPOSITION OF DOLOMITE FROM WEST ANATOLIA REGION USING SEMI-PILOT SCALE ROTARY FURNACE
(The International Journal of Mineral Resources Engineering, 2013-06-18) DERİN, Bora; DEMİRCAN, Umut; UZUNOĞLU, Timur; YÜCEL, Onuralp
Decomposition behaviour of dolomite from the western Anatolia region (Turkey) was investigated using semi-pilot scale rotary furnance as a part of magnesium production project. Experiments were carried out using 1000 g of dolomite samples at different temperatures (800-1100 °C) and time (0-300 min). It was found that be decomposition process increased with increasing time and temperature. TG/DTA and XRD analysis showed that dolomite decomposition followed two stage reactions; first is formation of CaCO3 and MgO, the second is following CaCO3 decomposition. Decomposition mechanism of semi-pilot experiments was found to be first order reaction with activation energy of 126.8 kJ mol-1.
TIPTA PLAZMA TEKNOLOJİSİ
(İz Dergisi, 2015-04-15) ŞAŞMAZEL, Hilal; SÜRÜCÜ, Seda
Plazma sözcüğünü fizik dünyasına yazılı olarak sunan ilk kişi Langmuir’dir. Langmuir 1929 yılında gaz deşarj tüpleri üzerine yaptığı çalışmalarda plazmanın bir canlı gibi davrandığını düşünmüş ve iyonlaşmış gaz topluluğuna daha çok yakışacağını düşündüğü plazma adını vermiş. Plazma, içerisinde yüksüz türleri, negatif ve pozitif yüklü elektronları içeren iyonlaşmış gaz halidir. Evrenin % 99’u plazma durumunda, geriye kalan % 1’in bir bölümü katı, çok küçük bir bölümü de sıvı durumunda. Kuşkusuz, gaz durumundaki her ortamı plazma olarak tanımlayamayız. Ancak kozmik koşullar altında, soğuk yıldız atmosferleri plazma özelliği sergiler. Evrende hali hazırda var olan astro-plazmanın yanısıra, laboratuvarda oluşturulan plazma iki ana gruba ayrılabilir; yüksek sıcaklık veya füzyon plazma ve düşük sıcaklık veya gaz-yük boşalım plazması. Sıcak plazmaya örnek olarak güneş sistemi verilebilir. Soğuk plazma ise laboratuvar koşullarında elektriksel boşalım veya ışık kaynaklarıyla oluşturulabilir.
İNSANOĞLUNUN PLASTİK İLE İMTİHANI
(Bilim ve Teknoloji, 2015-05-15) ERGÜN, Cansu
Staudinger’in makromolekülleri keşfetmesi ile başlayan plastik çağı, 1930’lardan bugüne dünyamızı tamamen ele geçirmiş durumda. Günlük yaşamımıza, mesela sabah evden çıkana dek, şöyle bir göz atalım. Banyoda diş fırçası, havlu, saç kurutma makinesi, traş bıçağı, klozet kapağı, sabunluk-diş fırçalıklar. Mutfakta, ısıya dayanıklı plastik kaşıklar, fırın tutacakları, yapışmaz tavalar, su ısıtıcıları, tencere sapları, ocak düğmeleri, beyaz eşya kapakları, yiyecek ambalajları.. Salonda televizyon kumandası (ve hatta artık ekranları), koltuk süngerleri, sandalyeler, pencere pimapenleri. Evden çıkacakken giydiğimiz ayakkabılar, tokalar, kıyafetler, ceketler. Bunlar evde kullandığımız plastiklerin sadece bir bölümü.
PLASTİKLERİN ŞEKİLLENDİRİLMESİ: DÖNEL KALIPLAMA
(Bilim ve Teknoloji, 2015-08-14) ERGÜN, Gül Cansu
Plastik hammaddeler pellet veya toz halde elde edildikten sonra, markette karşımıza şekillendirilmiş, renklendirilmiş ve kullanıma hazır eşyalar olarak çıkarlar. Dünya çapında en fazla tüketilen plastikler, polietilen ve polistiren polimerleridir. Özellikle düşük ve yüksek yoğunluklu polietilen seçenekleri, polietilenin günlük hayatta kullanımına yönelik yaygın imkanlar sunar. Polistirenin ise köpük haliyle elde edilebilmesi, bu polimeri paketleme endüstrisinde rakipsiz kılmıştır.
TÜRKİYE’DE METALURJİ VE MALZEME MÜHENDİSLİĞİ EĞİTİMİNE BAKIŞ, 2015
(Bilim ve Teknoloji, 2015-08-31) KESKİNKILIÇ, Ender
Türkiye’de üniversitelerde ilk Metalurji Mühendisliği eğitimi, İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi’nde başlamıştır. İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi Maden Fakültesi’nde 1957 yılında Üretim Metalurjisi ve Fiziksel Metalurji kürsülerinin kurulmasıyla başlayan Metalurji eğitimi, 1961-62 akademik yılında Metalurji Bölümü’nün açılmasıyla mühendislik eğitimi yapan bir bölüm olarak kurumsallaşmıştır [1]. Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi Makina Mühendisliği’nden 1966 yılında ayrılarak kurulan Metalurji Mühendisliği Bölümü, Türkiye’de Metalurji Mühendisliği eğitiminde bir diğer kilometre taşı olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır [2]. Takip eden yıllarda, çeşitli üniversitelerde de açılan Metalurji Mühendisliği Bölümleri ile doksanlı yılların ortalarına kadar metalurji eğitimi devam ettirilegelmiş, metal dışı malzemelerin sektörde önem kazanmasına paralel olarak Metalurji Mühendisliği branşının adı Metalurji ve Malzeme Mühendisliği’ne evrilmiştir. Doksanlı yıllarda karşımıza çıkan bu isim değişikliğinin sonrasında Türkiye’de pek çok üniversite “Metalurji ve Malzeme Mühendisliği” ismiyle programlar açmaya başlamıştır. 50 yılı aşkın süredir devam eden Metalurji ve Malzeme Mühendisliği eğitimine katkı sunan üniversite sayısı, 2015 yılı itibarıyla 49’u bulmuştur [3]. Söz konusu rakam, Türkiye’deki toplam üniversite sayısının 193 olduğu düşünüldüğünde oldukça önemlidir.
PET ŞİŞELER NASIL ÜRETİLİR?
(Bilim ve Teknoloji, 2015-09-18) ERGÜN, Gül Cansu
Özellikle sıcak yaz günlerinde hemen her birimizin yanında mutlaka bir plastik su şişesi bulunur. Hatta gün içinde evde değilsek, iki belki üç şişe su değiştirdiğimiz oluyor. Akşam eve gittiğimizde ise buzdolabından mutlaka bir gazlı içecek çıkarıp, bardağımıza dolduruyoruz. Peki bu kadar çok tüketilen suyu ve içecekleri taşıyan plastik şişelerin nasıl üretildiğini biliyor musunuz?
DÜNYA ve TÜRKİYE ÇELİK ÜRETİMİNE GENEL BİR BAKIŞ
(Herkese Bilim Teknoloji, 2017-07-08) KESKİNKILIÇ, Ender
2011 yılında Dünya çelik üretimi sıralamasında 10. konumda olan Türkiye, 2012 yılında gerçekleştirdiği 36 milyon tona yakın üretimle Ukrayna ve Brezilya’yı geride bırakarak 8.’liğe yükselmiş, sonraki yıllarda yaşanan kademeli düşüşlerin ardından 2015 yılındaki ciddi düşüşle birlikte 31,5 milyon tona gerilemiştir. 2016 yılındaki hatırı sayılır artışla 33,2 milyon tona yükselen ve Dünya sıralamasında 8.’liğini koruyan Türkiye çelik üretiminin, yeniden ivmelenen yassı çelik üretimiyle birlikte 2017 yılında da artışına devam edeceği öngörülmektedir.
Diethanolamine Modified Perovskite-Substrate Interface forRealizing Efficient ESL- Free PSCs
(Nanomaterials, 2023-01-06) Sajid, Sajid; Alzahmi, Salem; Wei, Dong; Salem, Imen Ben; Park, Jongee; Obaidat, Ihab M.
Simplifying device layout, particularly avoiding the complex fabrication steps and multiple high-temperature treatment requirements for electron-selective layers (ESLs) have made ESL-free perovskite solar cells (PSCs) attractive. However, the poor perovskite/substrate interface and inadequate quality of solution-processed perovskite thin films induce inefficient interfacial-charge extraction, limiting the power conversion efficiency (PCEs) of ESL-free PSCs. A highly compact and homogenous perovskite thin film with large grains was formed here by inserting an interfacial monolayer of diethanolamine (DEA) molecules between the perovskite and ITO substrate. In addition, the DEA created a favorable dipole layer at the interface of perovskite and ITO substrate by molecular adsorption, which suppressed charge recombination. Comparatively, PSCs based on DEA-treated ITO substrates delivered PCEs of up to 20.77%, one of the highest among ESL-free PSCs. Additionally, this technique successfully elongates the lifespan of ESL-free PSCs as 80% of the initial PCE was maintained after 550 h under AM 1.5 G irradiation at ambient temperature.
Graded 2D/3D Perovskite Hetero-Structured Films with Suppressed Interfacial Recombination for Efficient and Stable Solar Cells via DABr Treatment
(Molecules, 2023-02-07) Mateen, Muhammad; Shi, Hongxi; Huang, Hao; Li, Ziyu; Ren, Waseem; Rafiq, Muhammad; Shah, Usman Ali; Sajid, Sajid; Ren, Yingke; Park, Jongee; Chi, Dan; Li, Zhangbo; Huang, Shihua
Several strategies and approaches have been reported for improving the resilience and optoelectronic properties of perovskite films. However, fabricating a desirable and stable perovskite absorber layer is still a great challenge due to the optoelectronic and fabrication limitations of the materials. Here, we introduce diethylammonium bromide (DABr) as a post-treatment material for the pre-deposited methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3) film to fabricate a high-quality two-dimensional/three-dimensional (2D/3D) stacked hetero-structure perovskite film. The post-treatment method of DABr not only induces the small crystals of MAPbI3 perovskite secondary growth into a large crystal, but also forms a 2D capping layer on the surface of the 3D MAPbI3 film. Meanwhile, the grains and crystallization of 3D film with DABr post-treatment are significantly improved, and the surface defect density is remarkably reduced, which in turn effectively suppressed the charge recombination in the interface between the perovskite layer and the charge transport layer. The perovskite solar cell based on the DABr-treatment exhibited a significantly enhanced power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 19.10% with a notable improvement in the open circuit voltage (VOC) of 1.06 V and good stability, advocating the potential of this perovskite post-treatment approach.
Lead-Free Perovskite Homojunction-Based HTM-Free Perovskite Solar Cells: Theoretical and Experimental Viewpoints
(Nanomaterials, 2023-03-08) Sajid, Sajid; Alzahmi, Salem; Salem, Imen Ben; Park, Jongee; Obaidat, Ihab M.
Simplifying the design of lead-free perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has drawn a lot of interest due to their low manufacturing cost and relative non-toxic nature. Focus has been placed mostly on reducing the toxic lead element and eliminating the requirement for expensive hole transport materials (HTMs). However, in terms of power conversion efficiency (PCE), the PSCs using all charge transport materials surpass the environmentally beneficial HTM-free PSCs. The low PCEs of the lead-free HTM-free PSCs could be linked to poorer hole transport and extraction as well as lower light harvesting. In this context, a lead-free perovskite homojunction-based HTM-free PSC was investigated, and the performance was then assessed using a Solar Cell Capacitance Simulator (SCAPS). A two-step method was employed to fabricate lead-free perovskite homojunction-based HTM-free PSCs in order to validate the simulation results. The simulation results show that high hole mobility and a narrow band gap of cesium tin iodide (CsSnI3) boosted the hole collection and absorption spectrum, respectively. Additionally, the homojunction’s built-in electric field, which was identified using SCAPS simulations, promoted the directed transport of the photo-induced charges, lowering carrier recombination losses. Homojunction-based HTM-free PSCs having a CsSnI3 layer with a thickness of 100 nm, defect density of 1015 cm−3, and interface defect density of 1018 cm−3 were found to be capable of delivering high PCEs under a working temperature of 300 K. When compared to formamidinium tin iodide (FASnI3)-based devices, the open-circuit voltage (Voc), short-circuit density (Jsc), fill factor (FF), and PCE of FASnI3/CsSnI3 homojunction-based HTM-free PSCs were all improved from 0.66 to 0.78 V, 26.07 to 27.65 mA cm−2, 76.37 to 79.74%, and 14.62 to 19.03%, respectively. In comparison to a FASnI3-based device (PCE = 8.94%), an experimentally fabricated device using homojunction of FASnI3/CsSnI3 performs better with Voc of 0.84 V, Jsc of 22.06 mA cm−2, FF of 63.50%, and PCE of 11.77%. Moreover, FASnI3/CsSnI3-based PSC is more stable over time than its FASnI3-based counterpart, preserving 89% of its initial PCE. These findings provide promising guidelines for developing highly efficient and environmentally friendly HTM-free PSCs based on perovskite homojunction.
Physico-chemical characterization and in vitro biological study of manganese doped β-tricalcium phosphate-based ceramics for bone regeneration applications
(Journal of the Australian Ceramic Society, 2023-05-12) Arpak, Mehmet Can; Dağlılar, Sibel; Kalkandelen, Cevriye; Balescu, Liliana-Marilena; Şaşmazel, Hilal Türkoğlu; Pasuk, Iuliana; Stan, George E.; Durukan, Kağan; Gündüz, Oğuzhan
This work evaluates the effects of manganese (Mn) doping on the morpho-structural features, mechanical performance, and in vitro biological response of beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) derived bioceramics for bone tissue engineering applications. Five different Mn doping levels (i.e., 0.01%, 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.5%, and 1 wt.%) were investigated, with the β-TCP-based bioceramics being sintered at four temperatures (i.e., 1000, 1100, 1200, and 1300 °C). A densification improvement was induced when using Mn in excess of 0.05 wt.%; the densification remained stationary in the sintering temperature range of 1200 − 1300 °C. The structural analyses evidenced that all samples sintered at 1000 and 1100 °C were composed of β-TCP as major phase and hydroxyapatite (HA) as a minor constituent (~ 4–6 wt.%). At the higher temperatures (1200 and 1300 °C), the formation of α-TCP was signalled at the expense of both β-TCP and HA. The Mn doping was evidenced by lattice parameters changes. The evolution of the phase weights is linked to a complex inter-play between the capacity of the compounds to incorporate Mn and the thermal decomposition kinetics. The Mn doping induced a reduction in the mechanical performance (in terms of compressive strength, Vickers hardness and elastic modulus) of the β-TCP-based ceramics. The metabolic activity and viability of osteoblastic cells (MC3T3-E1) for the ceramics were studied in both powder and compacted pellet form. Ceramics with Mn doping levels lower than 0.1 wt.% yielded a more favorable microenvironment for the osteoblast cells with respect to the undoped β-TCP. No cytotoxic effects were recorded up to 21 days. The Mn-doped β-TCPs showed a significant increase (p < 0.01) in alkaline phosphatase activity with respect to pure β-TCP.

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