Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences
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Browsing Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences by Subject "engineering systems"
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Item A BIOINSPIRED CONCEPTUAL DESIGN METHODOLOGY FOR BIOROBOTS(2013-05-21) KONEZ EROĞLU, Aylin; ERDEN, Abdülkadir; ERDEN, ZühalThe main aim of this thesis is to develop a Bioinspired Conceptual Design (BICD) methodology for design of biorobots. Within the context of the dissertation, a novel BICD procedure has been developed based on existing BID approaches and systematic engineering design steps. This procedure is applied on several case studies, namely a dog biorobot (BioDog) for walking and trotting, a cockroach biorobot (BioCoc) for climbing, a jumping (grasshopper) biorobot for jumping and a hybrid (dog and lobster) biorobot for walking. A BICD process has been developed using the implementation results. Classic DEVS (Discrete Event System Specification) coupled model is used to formally represent the BICD process in order to develop a BICD methodology. The proposed BICD methodology transforms customer needs into a concept design of biorobot with clear and well-defined six design steps. In order to overcome the drawbacks of existing BIDs, the biological system analysis and the bioinspired transformation design steps have been considered in detail. In this thesis, although four case studies have been implemented to demonstrate the BICD methodology, fourteen biological systems and twenty four locomotion types are investigated by using content analysis and/or observation methods. The literature survey has been used for the content analysis method, while an experimental set-up is used to analyze the biological systems for the observation method. Required knowledge on morphology, function and behavior of biological systems are obtained using a high speed camera. During the bioinspired transformation step, the knowledge about the biological system has been transformed systematically into knowledge about the biorobots and this knowledge is used to develop the concept design of biorobots.Item A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE WAVE CLIMATE OF SOUTHERN AEGEAN COASTLINE OF TURKEY(2022-02-15) Al-Sammarraie, Khalooq Ahmed Alauldeen; Numanoglu Genç, Aslı; Balas, LaleIn this thesis, the wind and wave climate of southern Aegean Sea coastline of Turkey are studied. Six coastal areas to the South of İzmir Bay are selected for the analysis, namely as Kuşadası, Yalıkavak, Turgutreis, Marmaris, Fethiye and Datça coastal areas. In the wind climate analysis, the over land measurements of General Directoriate of Meteorology (GDM) are compared with the over sea wind estimates of European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) operational archive. Additionally, the monthly maximum values of wind speeds are compared with the short-term over sea measurements of GDM. It is concluded that ECMWF over sea wind estimates present the wind conditions better than the over land and over sea wind measurements of GDM. In the wave climate analysis two methods are utilized. First, CEM empirical method is used to estimate the wave heights for the wave climate analysis. ECMWF wind predictions are selected in the CEM method. Secondly, the wave results of WAM numerical model are used for the wave climate analysis directly. In the wave climate the long term and extreme value statistics are studied. The significant wave height results of two methods from the long-term wave statistics are compared by studying nearshore and offshore locations for each coastal area. It is concluded that, for the nearshore part, WAM model gives lower wave heights than the CEM method. For the offshore part, WAM Model gives higher wave heights than the CEM Method, if the fetch lengths are relatively short. For the enclosed basins, it is seen that WAM model under estimates the wave heights, and therefore it is concluded that CEM Method gives more reliable results.Item A DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR MULTI-PROJECT CASH FLOW AND SCHEDULE RISK ASSESSMENT: CONTRACTOR’S PERSPECTIVE(2022-02-24) Yussef, Mohammed; Özkil, Altan; Sönmez, Rifat; civil engineeringThis thesis presents a Decision Support System (DSS) for multi-project cash flow and schedule risk assessment for contractors. The main objective of the proposed DSS is to develop a methodology which quantifies the cost and time uncertainty of multi projects for cash flow analysis, during bid stage from a general contractor’s perspective. The proposed methodology possesses necessary steps. The previous studies that focus on probabilistic cash flow management are reviewed to investigate the existing cash flow forecasting methods. Then a new methodology based on Monte Carlo simulation technique for DSS is presented for cash flow forecasting of multi projects. The advantages of the proposed methodology are demonstrated by the analysis of three real construction projects. Finally, scenario analyses are performed to determine the optimal project parameters that gives the best Net Cash Flow (NCF) forecasting by using proposed methodology. The main contribution of this thesis is that it enables integrated cash flow risk analysis of multiple projects simultaneously. This helps decision maker to adequately identify and manage multi-project risks related cost, schedule and cash flow.Item A FRAMEWORK FOR DESIGNING AN INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR DOWN SYNDROME PATIENTS(2022-02-15) AL-TAMEEMI, Haitham; Erkan, Turan Erman; Turhan, ÇiğdemThe possibility of setting up a framework for designing a new system for individuals with Down syndrome was studied. The idea behind this framework is to develop a remote monitoring system called Down Syndrome Information System (DSIS) that will contribute to improve the health status of individuals with Down syndrome, by allocating more resources to information technology. This framework is intended to guide developers to implement the proposed system in the future. The main objective of this thesis is to answer the question of can the proposed framework will be able to support the developers to design a DSIS. In order to answer this question, it is required to find answers to these other questions. 1) Can the proposed system satisfy end user's needs?; 2) Can the proposed system invest in IT in the healthcare field?; 3) Is the proposed system implementable by the developer? 4) What are the advantages between the newly proposed and the current system? The related works were surveyed and it was found that there is a lack in IT investment in health care services for people with Down syndrome. This lack became one of the main motivations for this thesis. In addition, the first three steps of system development life cycle approach (SDLC) will play a big role in setting the methodology of this framework. Questions 1 and 2 were addressed by the investigations illustrated. As for questions 3 and 4, they were answered by visualizing the proposed system to ensure implementing it. Limitations of this thesis include; 1) The proposed system is only applied for Down syndrome cases. 2) Using correlations functions as a statistical method to analyze the results of questionnaire form. 3) Using the first three steps of SDLC approach to set this framework. 4) Lastly, there are limitations related to the collections of feedbacks from some of Arabic countries including Iraq, and the dependent on journals and conferences for previous studies. This thesis will expected to contribute to set this framework as an educational guide for developers to build monitoring system for Down syndrome, build a hybrid system by involving the responsible people of Down syndrome in this system, and enhance the health status of individuals with Down syndrome.Item A GENERALIZTION OF ARNOLD'S CAT MAP AND FRACTION BASED EMBEDDING IN IMAGE STEGANOGRAPHY(2022-02-15) Buker, Mohamed; Tora, Hakan; Gökçay, ErhanThe rapid development of data communication, and the increased amount of information that are communicated via networks, make it very important to find new ways to protect exchanged information. Encryption is one of the most widely used methods nowadays in this area. Steganography is a recent field of research in which the communicated information is being invisible to anyone rather than being only encrypted. The idea behind steganography is to hide the existence of information itself. As long as a third party knew there were information, whether encrypted or not encrypted, the information will be at risk. In this thesis, we present a steganographic model with two levels of security. First, the secret image is scrambled using our Generalized Arnold Cat Map (ACM). Then, the scrambled image is embedded into another image using our Fraction Based Embedding Technique (FBE) in the transform domain using both Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) and Lifted Wavelet Transform (LWT). The efficiency of our model was tested on benchmark color images. Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR), Mean Square Error (MSE), Structural Similarity (SSIM) and correlation values are calculated. Results show that our Generalized ACM is more robust compared to standard and modified versions of ACM. At the same time, results of our new FBE technique performs better than those of other techniques regarding to PSNR and MSE values.Item A GENERIC ONTOLOGY CREATION TOOL: A CASE STUDY ON(2022-02-28) Yılmaz, Ekrem Çağlar; Turhan, Çiğdem; Güray, CenkTo retrieve any information from the Web, a search has to be performed on billions of documents which are unorganized, unstructured and unreadable by machines. To overcome this problem, the data on the Web has to be formalized in a machine readable format. One of the solutions is to use the Semantic Web technology which provides structure and meaning to data on the Web. In order to provide machine readable and semantically identified information, the Semantic Web technology utilizes ontologies which include resources, properties and their relations to identify metadata about data. The current ontology editors require expertise to create, organize, edit and manage ontologies. In this study, a generic ontology creation tool is developed for users with no expertise in ontology creation. The tool which can be easily and effectively used at every level of a business gathers information about the ontology from a non-expert providing step by step guidance with user interfaces.The aim is to enable any employee of a firm to create an ontology in their domain to be able to share information in machine-readable form with the rest of his/her company or other companies. The tool is tested on users who have different working experiences in terms of years and sectors of business. The results are evaluated with statistical methods which show that on the average, the users are satisfied with the tool and are able to create ontologies in their own domains.Item A GENERIC ONTOLOGY CREATION TOOL: A CASE STUDY ON BUSINESS SECTORS(2022-03-01) Yılmaz, Ekrem Çağlar; Turhan, Çiğdem; Güray, CenkTo retrieve any information from the Web, a search has to be performed on billions of documents which are unorganized, unstructured and unreadable by machines. To overcome this problem, the data on the Web has to be formalized in a machine readable format. One of the solutions is to use the Semantic Web technology which provides structure and meaning to data on the Web. In order to provide machine readable and semantically identified information, the Semantic Web technology utilizes ontologies which include resources, properties and their relations to identify metadata about data. The current ontology editors require expertise to create, organize, edit and manage ontologies. In this study, a generic ontology creation tool is developed for users with no expertise in ontology creation. The tool which can be easily and effectively used at every level of a business gathers information about the ontology from a non-expert providing step by step guidance with user interfaces.The aim is to enable any employee of a firm to create an ontology in their domain to be able to share information in machine-readable form with the rest of his/her company or other companies. The tool is tested on users who have different working experiences in terms of years and sectors of business. The results are evaluated with statistical methods which show that on the average, the users are satisfied with the tool and are able to create ontologies in their own domains.Item A NEW APPROACH FOR SELF-CALIBRATING CAMERAS(2022-02-16) Gurel, Cahit; TORA, Hakan; GÜNEŞ, AhmetCamera is one of the most important sensors in robotic applications. Calibrated ca meras provide more information than the uncalibrated ones. Intrinsic parameters of a camera can deteriorate due to mechanical and thermal changes in environment. There fore self-calibration is required for robotic operations. Since self-calibration does not require any known template objects in the process, it is more flexible and extract ing a few fixed points between calibration images is enough for self-calibration. We propose a new method for simpler and more accurate self-calibration method by in corporating some of the extrinsic parameters of camera along with some assumptions which are true for present day cameras. Moreover, we have included a basic point de tection, tracking and association approach for the task. Proposed method is tested and compared with another self calibration method using synthetic data, a mobile robot with a camera in V-REP simulation environment and physical implementation with articulated robot arm. The results indicate the effectiveness of the new approach with respect to other self-calibration approaches for planer motion of the camera.Item A NEW INCREMENTAL AXIAL FLUX PERMANENT MAGNET SYNCHRONOUS GENERATOR GENERATING ENERGY BASED ON MAGNITUDE OF EXTERNAL TORQUE(2022-02-25) Mohammed, Esmail; İrfanoḡlu, Bülent; Nazlıbilek, SedatNowadays the global warming phenomenon is growing mainly due to conventional energy production and increasing energy demand. Renewable energy sources such as; the wind, sun, sea, and rivers produce green energy to reduce this adverse phenomenon and contributes to the energy production. Recently, alternative energy sources for generating electric power has become popular. Several types of machinery is used to generate electrical energy. The majority of these systems use gearboxes to regulate the generated power. However, the gearboxes attached to the wind turbine through the generator have some disadvantages. They require periodic maintenance and suffer from frequent disorders. They may cause some loss of energy due to friction in metal parts resulting in poor efficiency. Furthermore they are not reliable machines, and they are heavy. It is difficult to carry out their maintenance periodically. In this study, three phase multi stages axial flux permanent magnet coreless generator has been designed, modelled, analysed, and controlled to avoid these disadvantages. The goal was to design and control the generator that would utilize a direct connection without a gearbox. The electronic controller is aimed at replacing the bulky gearbox. This has several advantages such as it provides energy at low wind speeds, results in decrease in the system size, and the weight is also reduced. In addition to these advantages the system efficiency and reliability is increased.Item A PROPOSED INTEROPERABLE MODEL FOR THE REPUBLIC OF TURKEY ON PUBLIC ELECTRONIC PROCUREMENT SYSTEM(2015-02-27) YILDIRIM İMAMOĞLU, Meltem; REHAN, MohammedApproximately 15% of the government‘s Gross Domestic Products (GDP) is spent on public procurement process. Therefore, accountability and transparency in public procurement is very important. For the regulation of public expenditures and effective use of the budget, not only public procurements but also efficient use of infrastructure that make up the system for public procurements should be considered. As a result, the importance of the public electronic procurement (PeP) processes is emphasized in this thesis. Public Procurement Authority (PPA) and the State Procurement and Supply Office (SPSO) responsible for public tenders in the Republic of Turkey, are two organizations affiliated to the Ministry of Finance. However, in public procurement process, both institutions have their own system, own business processes and legal obligations. Yet is it a privilege to have two different systems? To find the answer to this question and to analyze the current situation in both systems, satisfaction measurement surveys for both public and private organizations are conducted. In addition to the surveys, interviews are carried out by authorized people from different organizations concerned with public procurement process in the European Union (EU) and in the Republic of Turkey. In light of the information obtained from these interviews, the best three countries (England, Germany and Denmark) are investigated in detail. The results of these studies showed that EU countries, are paying an increasing importance to the efficient use of resources by the Digital Single Market system, a shift to a more centralized application is noted. In the thesis, based on the current Public electronic Procurement (PeP) system analysis, Critical Success Factors (CSFs) and required performance criteria in public procurement for achieving these success factors have been identified. It seems that the execution of public procurement process from a single platform is inevitable for the Republic of Turkey. Transparent and accountable systems are necessary to increase the participation of the public institutions and Small and Medium Sized Enterprises (SMEs) into the PeP system. All of results after the research study indicate that an interoperable PeP system is inevitable for the Republic of Turkey. This study may be claimed to be a pioneer for the use of supply chain management in public procurement process.Item A STUDY ON THE WIRE ARC ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING OF DUPLEX STAINLESS STEEL PLATES: OPTIMIZATION OF PROCESS PARAMETERS AND INVESTIGATION OF MECHANICAL PROPERTIES(2022-03-01) SAADAWI, HASSAN; Konca, Erkan; Tur, KâzımIn recent years, additive manufacturing (AM) for metals, which is used to create products using layer-by-layer deposition of materials, has been a subject of interest as a means of enhancing the efficiency of manufacturing processes in various industries. In this thesis, super duplex stainless steel parts have been wire arc additively manufactured (WAAM) using the cold metal transfer welding technique. To obtain the optimum combination of additive manufacturing parameters (voltage, current and speed) that yields the desired bead quality, response surface method has been used to build statistical models based on numerical simulation of additive welding process. COMSOL Multiphysics 5.5 software has been used to perform the experimental instead of real process and Expert-Design software was used to obtain the statistical models. The optimal values of the controlled variables were found as 200 amperes and 15 volts for current and voltage, and 10 mm/s for welding speed. Then, the fracture toughness tests using the single edge notched tension (SENT) specimens were implemented at a sub-zero temperature. Fracture toughness data has been used to establish crack-growth resistance curves for both, as-received rolled plate and additively manufactured parts and compare the results based on J-integral (energy release rate). The J-integral value at the initiation of stable crack growth (Ji) of SDSS Grade 2507 as-received plate specimens is approximately 17% higher than the (Ji) value of WAAM’d DSS Grade 2209 and 31% higher than the (Ji) value of WAAM’d SDSS Grade 2509.Item AN ICE ACCRETION PREDICTION TOOL FOR AIRFOILS BASED ON OPENFOAM(2022-02-15) Edeeb, Seghaer Hossein; Akay, Hasan U.; Özgen, SerkanIce accretion on aircraft components degrades the aircraft performance and causes se rious flight problems. Flight tests, icing wind tunnels, and commercial packages are the main tools used to predict ice shapes and thicknesses. Although there are some commercial and institutional ice accretion simulation packages such as LEWISE, ON ERA, FENSAP, CIRA and CANICE available in the literature, there is no major ice accretion simulation package available in the open-source community. In this thesis, open-source software are used and modified for simulating ice accretion process and its effect on the aircraft characteristics. OpenFoam solver simpleFoam is used for solving the viscous turbulent fluid flow around an airfoil and the Lagrangian solver icoUncoupledKinematicParcelFoam for solving the trajectory of supercooled water droplets. To solve the governing equations of the phase-change, a transient solver called THERMSOLVICE is developed using the Octave library. Ice accretion algorithm is created by combining the available OpenFOAM solvers and the developed THERMSOLVICE solver. It is believed that this approach has the potential for improving the state of the art in prediction of ice formation on aircraft components as more researchers work on it. The created package is used to predict rime and glaze ice shapes and thicknesses on a wing airfoil for different icing condition cases. The effects of ice formation on the airfoil lift and drag coefficients are also investigated, showing significant changes in certain cases. The results show a satisfactory agreement in ice shape predictions obtained using the developed package with the corresponding data in the literature.Item AN ORGANIZATION IMPROVEMENT MODEL FOR SMALL AND MEDIUM SIZED ENTERPRISES (SMEMM)(2015-01-31) ERGİN, Merve Hande; ÇELEBİ, Neş'eSmall and Medium Sized Enterprises’ (SMEs) development and improvement have impact on national economies. However, SMEs may have difficulty in providing sustainable business practices for organizational improvement. Improvement is a complex phenomenon; it needs assessment of current situation of organizational factors whereas weight of the factors change as organizations develops. Besides, SMEs may have deficiencies in assessment due to shortcomings in processes and resources. In this study, a new model which considers organizational development as a sequence of activities is proposed for the process improvement of Turkish Manufacturing SMEs. These improvement activity series aimed at having defined, manageable and measurable organizational processes. The model provides a reference point that evaluates current processes and a guideline that aligns prerequisite practices. The Capability Maturity Model (CMM) framework which consists of process management and quality improvement concepts is used for this new model. The new model is empirically tested and necessary modifications are carried out to fit the model to the structure and characteristics of Turkish manufacturing SMEs. The model can be used as a tool to identify the complete and missing activities at each level and as a roadmap for future requirements of the organization.Item ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK BASED DECISIVE PREDICTION MODELS ON HIGH FREQUENCY FINANCIAL DATA(2017-01-07) Karaçor, Adil Gürsel; Erkan, Turan ErmanHigh frequency financial data are somewhat hard to model or predict, if not totally impossible, as stochastic processes and many other random factors are involved. In this thesis; a novel Artificial Intelligence model is designed and developed for financial time series prediction and decision making. Possibility to enhance prediction accuracy for foreign exchange rates is investigated in two ways: first applying an outside the box approach by bringing about methodology and techniques to facilitate the use of predictive models in engineering design to model price graphs by exploiting their visual properties together with principles of chaos theory, and secondly employing the most efficient methods to detect patterns to classify the direction of movement. The approach that exploits the visual properties of price graphs makes use of density regions along with high and low values describing the shape just as in Machine Vision. Mainly Artificial Neural Networks are used in modeling. However, other state-of-the-art methods; Extreme Gradient Boosting and Support Vector Machine are too used for comparison. The designed system is also software coded as a real-time trading robot. Comparable prediction results and profits are achieved in tests and simulations.Item ASSESSMENT OF FEATURES AND CLASSIFIERS FOR BLUETOOTH RF FINGERPRINTING(2022-02-14) Ali, Aysha; Kara, AliIn this thesis, we introduced a novel technique to enhance the security at physical layer of wireless networks. This is based on the use of radio freqency (RF) fingerprinting for Bluetooth (BT) signals. BT signal records are acquired from twenty different cell phone brands, models, and serial numbers. One hundred fifty records are collected from each device. For the first time, Hilbert Huang Transform (HHT) are used for the BT device identification with such huge data set. By means of the signals’ energy envelopes with some improvements, the transient signals are detected accurately. Through the Empirical mode decomposition (EMD) and Hilbert Transform (HT), the HHT is implemented to obtain Time Frequency Energy Distributions (TFED) of the detected transients. Thirteen features are extracted from the signals’ transients and their TFEDs. The extracted features are pre-processed to enhance their usability. Different classifiers are employed with the extracted features for device identification, and comparative analysis of the classifiers is also provided. The classifier performance is examined for different SNR levels from 8 dB to 35+ dB . The identification performance demonstrates the feasibility of the method.Item ASSESSMENT OF INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL BY USING NEW FUZZY ANALYTIC NETWORK PROCESS APPROACH(2013-06-14) ÖZDEMİR, Yavuz Selim; ERKAN, Turan ErmanThe value of an enterprise is made of financial assets and intangible assets which called as Intellectual Capital. Intellectual Capital has always existed, but only in the last decades awareness of its strategic importance has increased becuase of the shift in modern economy from the industrial to the knowledge era. Both academics and experts in the business world agree that Intellectual Capital is one of the most important points to maintain competitive advantage in today's markets. Intellectual Capital consists of non-physical sources of value related to Human Capital and Structural Capital. IN the scope of this thesis, a new Fuzzy Analytic Network Process approach was proposed for evaluation of the relative importance of Intellectual Capital components and it has been investigated in terms of satisfaction indicators of Intellectual Capital. This proposed new methodolgy compared with other most commonly used Fuzzy Analytic Network Process methodologies in the literature. A group of experts has been chosen for IC criteria evaluation. The obtained results used for evaluation of sectorial awareness levels for manufacturing and service sectors in Ankara area.Item AUTOMATIC SPIRULINA DETECTION USING IMAGE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES(2022-02-14) SIDDIK, Othman; BOSTAN, AtilaIn this thesis, a study on automatic detection of spirulina is presented. Spirulina is an algae microorganism with 4 species which are quite useful for the determination and monitoring of water quality. Thesis contribution is to develop an automatic process for helping the diagnosis Spirulina in water, most of the Spirulina can be diagnosed by the size and shape from microscopic images, all algae detection that has to be diagnosed in a fast and accurate way is very critical for the water quality, manual methods are used to detect spirulina. This can give rise to inaccurate results. It is also very tedious effort to detect algae within water microscopic images. Automatic detection of spirulina is a challenging task due to factors such as change in size and shape with climatic changes, growth periods and water contamination. Nowadays, the automated detection of spirulina is one of the most fervent topics in applied biology. On the other hand, Deep-Learning and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) is yielding better results and is a judiciously used technique for image classification and for a variety of problems. This thesis introduces CNN into the automated spirulina detection problem in order to demonstrate whether it would succeed in solving the spirulina detection problem. A comprehensive dataset was specifically prepared using an artificial image generation method out of original images that are collected from rivers and lakes in Turkey. In this study, a spirulina image data set was prepared using a customized technique for artificial image generation. Consequently, a dataset covering different illumination conditions was computationally augmented to 1000 sample images. Original images were collected from rivers and lakes in Turkey. In this thesis, the background to the spirulina detection problem, the methodology used in the study and the results of image processing and feature extraction methods to locate and extract spirulina in a microscopic image are reported. Initially, the RGB image format with morphological operations were employed to detect spirulina in a microscopic image. As a result with a rate of 84% accuracy detection was observed. Afterwards, three different methods were experimented with for comparison purposes. The methods and their relative detection success rates were observed as follows: SURF 63%, FAST feature detection 67%, CNN 99% result accuracy rate, consequently, some future work is also suggested to improve the study further. In this thesis, we introduced CNNs into the automated spirulina detection problem. A CNN method used to solve 4 class spirulina detection problem. Observed results were discussed and compared with those of previous studies. To the best of our knowledge and survey results on the literature, this is the first study to employ CNNs in the automated spirulina detection problem.Item CLOSED-LOOP DYNAMICS OF A CLASS OF HYBRID (MULTI-MODAL) FLYING ROBOTS(2022-01-20) Batti, Mohamed Ismail; Arıkan, Kutluk Bilge; Alemdaroğlu, Hüseyin NafizIn this study, a class of hybrid flying robots is proposed in terms of the basic and advanced systems. Nonlinear and linearized mathematical models are derived for both of the systems in two-dimensional space. Linear quadratic regulator-based control systems are designed for the hovering and navigation scenarios. In addition, external forces are applied during the vertical takeoff, forward flight, and the land down. The differences between the linear and nonlinear responses are evaluated in addition to the differences between behaviors of the basic and advanced systems. It is shown that the admittance controller improves the stability of the basic system as the compelling external forces are applied. It is shown that both of the systems are suitable to be used as ground-air hybrid robotic platforms and aerial manipulators.Item COMBINING ANALYTIC HIERARCHY PROCESS AND RANK ORDER CENTROID WITH GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR AIRPORT SITE SELECTION: A CASE STUDY IN LIBYA(2022-01-14) ELSHARIDA, WAEL; Erkan, Turan Erman; Baç, UğurChoosing airport locations requires thorough and comprehensive decisions to be made. To do so in a professional and logical manner is crucial for the social, economic, and logistic settings intended for any region. The present research takes place in Libya, where airports are just as vital for the economy in terms of tourism and investment by allowing for improved transportation throughout developing market and supplier locations as well as trading between the industrial and financial sectors. For this reason, using the geographic information system (GIS) to determine the appropriate airport site, twenty-three criteria were considered. Besides, two different methods - analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and rank order centroid (ROC) - were utilized to derive the related weights. The comparison of the output maps from these two distinctive approaches appears that both approaches provide identical results. A sensitivity analysis was carried out to evaluate the reliability of the method used and select the best site among the proposed ones based on the result of the highest suitability index for each candidate site. Finally, a business continuity study was applied in this research from the perspective of the location to avoid any potential natural catastrophe, and the result of all candidate sites was deemed ideal as airport sites. This research provides a siting approach and substantial support for decision makers in the issue of airport locations selection in Libya and other developing countries.Item CONCEPTUAL DESIGN OF E- GOVERNANCE IN DISASTER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM(2022-01-25) IBRAHIM, Thaer; MISHRA, Alok; BOSTAN, AtilaDisasters pose a real threat to the lives and property of citizens; therefore, it is necessary to reduce their impact to the minimum possible. In order to achieve this goal, a framework for enhancing the current DMS was proposed, called Smart Disaster Management System (SDMS). The smart aspect of this system is due to the application of the principles of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), especially the Internet of Things (IoT). All participants and activities of the proposed system were clarified by preparing a conceptual design by using The Unified Modeling Language (UML) diagrams (both, use-case and activity diagrams). This effort was made to overcome the lack of citizens’ readiness towards the use of ICT as well as increase their readiness towards disasters. Iraq was chosen as a case study for this research. The lack of readiness on part of Iraqi citizen was inferred by using two different methods, interviews with experts in the field of disasters and experts in the field of ICT. The other method was based on distributing a questionnaire form to the target sample.