PANDEMİ DÖNEMİNDE KOBİLERE SAĞLANAN FİNANSAL DESTEKLER VE DEVLET TEŞVİKLERİ: ANKARA İLİ ÖRNEĞİ
Date
2021-10-12
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Abstract
2019 yılı Aralık ayı içerisinde Çin’in Wuhan bölgesinde ortaya çıkan Covid 19 salgınının insan sağlığını tehdit etmesinin yanısıra sebep olduğu iktisadi sorunlar
da devam etmektedir. Gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülkeler arasında piyasalarda çıktı
miktarlarında belirgin düşüş, işsizlik oranında artış ve sosyal problemler ortaya
çıkmaya başlamıştır. Arz ve talepte yaşanan durgunluk KOBİ’lerin üzerinde baskı
oluşturmuş ve üretim süreçlerinde aksamalar yaşanmıştır.
Bu çalışmanın amacı, pandemi sürecinde KOBİ’lerin yaşadıkları ekonomik
sorunlar göz önünde bulundurularak işletmeler açısından alınacak tedbirlerin
belirlenmesidir. Bu amaçla, araştırma çerçevesinde veri toplama aracı olarak
cevaplayıcı tarafından yanıtlanan anket yöntemleri arasından online anket tercih
edilmiş, katılımcılara e-mail ile gönderim sağlanmıştır. Araştırma, 11 Şubat ile 15
Mart 2021 tarihleri arasında uygulanmış, araştırmanın geçerlilik ve güvenilirliği
açısından çalışma süreci kısa tutulmaya çalışılmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında, ana kütle
içerisindeki firmalara e-mail yolu ile anket gönderilmiştir. KOBİ kapsamındaki 400
işletmeden gelen anketler analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmada yer alan teşvik yeterliliği ve
etkilerini ölçen 13 ifadenin Cronbach’s Alpha değeri 0,958 olarak saptanmış, anket
güvenilirliği %95,8 olarak belirlenmiştir.
Araştırma Ankara ili Ostim bölgesinde bulunan KOBİ’lere uygulanmış ve
sonuçlar incelendiğinde alınan teşviklerin %46’sının makine va teçhizat alımında
kullanıldığı görülmüştür. KOBİ’lerin %32’lik kısmı vergi alanında alınan teşvikleri
kullanmış, %33,5‘i ise teşviklerin yeterli olmadığını belirtmiştir.
Description
Financial Supports and Government Incentives Provided
to SMEs During the Pandemic Period: The Case of Ankara Province
ABSTRACT: In addition to the threat to human health, the economic problems caused by the Covid-19 epidemic, which emerged in the Wuhan region of China in December 2019, continue. Significant decrease in output amounts, increase in unemployment rate and social problems started to emerge between developed and developing countries. The stagnation in supply and demand put pressure on SMEs and disruptions were experienced in their production processes. The purpose of this study is to determine the measures to be taken in terms of businesses, taking into account the economic problems experienced by SMEs during the pandemic process. For this purpose, as a data collection tool within the framework of the research, an online questionnaire was preferred among the survey methods answered by the respondent, and the participants were sent via e-mail. The research was carried out between February 11 and March 15, 2021, and the study period was tried to be kept short in terms of the validity and reliability of the research. Within the scope of the study, a questionnaire was sent to the companies in the main mass via e mail. Questionnaires from 400 businesses within the scope of SMEs were analysed. The Cronbach's Alpha value of 13 statements in the research measuring the adequacy and effects of incentives was determined as 0.958, and the reliability of the questionnaire was determined as 95.8%. The research was applied to SMEs located in the Ostim region of Ankara, and when the results were examined, it was seen that 46% of the incentives received were used in the purchase of machinery and equipment. 32% of SMEs used the incentives received in the tax field, while 33.5% stated that the incentives were not sufficient.
ABSTRACT: In addition to the threat to human health, the economic problems caused by the Covid-19 epidemic, which emerged in the Wuhan region of China in December 2019, continue. Significant decrease in output amounts, increase in unemployment rate and social problems started to emerge between developed and developing countries. The stagnation in supply and demand put pressure on SMEs and disruptions were experienced in their production processes. The purpose of this study is to determine the measures to be taken in terms of businesses, taking into account the economic problems experienced by SMEs during the pandemic process. For this purpose, as a data collection tool within the framework of the research, an online questionnaire was preferred among the survey methods answered by the respondent, and the participants were sent via e-mail. The research was carried out between February 11 and March 15, 2021, and the study period was tried to be kept short in terms of the validity and reliability of the research. Within the scope of the study, a questionnaire was sent to the companies in the main mass via e mail. Questionnaires from 400 businesses within the scope of SMEs were analysed. The Cronbach's Alpha value of 13 statements in the research measuring the adequacy and effects of incentives was determined as 0.958, and the reliability of the questionnaire was determined as 95.8%. The research was applied to SMEs located in the Ostim region of Ankara, and when the results were examined, it was seen that 46% of the incentives received were used in the purchase of machinery and equipment. 32% of SMEs used the incentives received in the tax field, while 33.5% stated that the incentives were not sufficient.
Keywords
business