İran Ve İngiltere’nin Mohammad Rıza Şah Dönemindeki İlişkileri
Date
2022-02-21
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Abstract
Bu araştırmanın temel amacı, İngiltere'nin İran’ın ikinci Pehlevi hükümetinin
politikaları üzerinde rolünün incelenmesidir. İngiltere’nin eski politikalarının
başarısız olduğu kanıtlandığından, İngiltere bu yıllarda yeni sömürü politikalarını
ortaya koymuştur. İran’ın monarşi hükümeti için yeni yöntemler demokratik prestij
getirebilir ve Britanya için faydaları olabilirdi. 1917 Rus devrimi İngiltere'nin en
önemli rakibinin devreden çıkmasına neden olan önemli bir olaydı.
Bu olay aynı zamanda, Rusya'nın Dünya Savaşını bırakmasına neden oldu.
İngiltere 1921 darbesini planlayarak son Kaçar Devletini devirdi ve Pehlevi
hükümetini kurdu. Rıza Han kendisini yeni hanedanın ilk Şahı ilan etti. Ayrıca
İngilizler, 1925 yılında Rıza Şah’ın taç giyme töreni ile ve Mohammed Rıza ’yı
veliaht olarak atadı ve Rus devrimini kontrol etmeye çalıştılar. Rıza Han aniden
destekçileri tarafından mahkum edildi. İngilizler ve Ruslar onu tahtından indirerek
görevden aldılar ve genç oğlunu onun tahtına oturttular. İkinci Dünya Savaşı'ndan
sonra, İran'da ana çatışma "petrol" meselesi hakkında oldu ve Dr. Mosaddegh
(Musaddık) petrolü ulusal bir mesele olarak ilan etti.
Bahreyn’e gelince, İngiltere onun bağımsızlığı için en önemli rolü oynadı.
İngilizler Bayreyn’in bağımsızlığının kabulü için Şah'ı zorladılar. Askeri tehditlerle
karşı karşıya kalan Şah, 3 adaları (Tomb e Bozorg, Tomb e Kuchak ve Ebu-Mousa)
elinde tutmayı tercih etti. Bu yüzden Şah aslında Bahreyn’ın bağımsızlığını kabul
etmek zorunda kaldı.
Description
The Relations between Iran and Britain during the Reign of
Mohammad Rıza Shah
ABSTRACT: The main object of this research is to study the role of Britain in the policies of Iranian government during the reign of second Pahlavi monarch. Britain launched new exploitation policies during these decades, as old policies proved to be unsuccessful. New methods could bring democratic prestige to Iranian monarch and benefits for Britain. Russian revolution of 1917 was the most important event as it caused Britain to omit its rival. It also caused Russia to leave the world war. Britain planned coup in 1921 which has ousted the last Qajar ruler and established the Pahlavi dynasty government. Rıza Khan called himself the first Shah of this new dynasty. They also tried to control Russian revolution as well, with his coronation in 1925, came the designation of Mohammad Rıza as crown prince. Rıza Khan was suddenly sentenced by his supporters. British and Russians have forced him to abdicate from his throne and his young son was declared as the new Shah. After the World War II, the main conflict in Iran was the matter of “petroleum” and Dr. Mossadegh nationalized. As for Bahrain, Britain played main role in her independence. They forced Shah to accept it. As he was faced with military threats, he preferred to keep the 3 islands (Tomb e Bozorg, Tomb e Kuchak and Abu-Mousa) instead. That’s why he was forced to agree with the independence of Bahrain.
ABSTRACT: The main object of this research is to study the role of Britain in the policies of Iranian government during the reign of second Pahlavi monarch. Britain launched new exploitation policies during these decades, as old policies proved to be unsuccessful. New methods could bring democratic prestige to Iranian monarch and benefits for Britain. Russian revolution of 1917 was the most important event as it caused Britain to omit its rival. It also caused Russia to leave the world war. Britain planned coup in 1921 which has ousted the last Qajar ruler and established the Pahlavi dynasty government. Rıza Khan called himself the first Shah of this new dynasty. They also tried to control Russian revolution as well, with his coronation in 1925, came the designation of Mohammad Rıza as crown prince. Rıza Khan was suddenly sentenced by his supporters. British and Russians have forced him to abdicate from his throne and his young son was declared as the new Shah. After the World War II, the main conflict in Iran was the matter of “petroleum” and Dr. Mossadegh nationalized. As for Bahrain, Britain played main role in her independence. They forced Shah to accept it. As he was faced with military threats, he preferred to keep the 3 islands (Tomb e Bozorg, Tomb e Kuchak and Abu-Mousa) instead. That’s why he was forced to agree with the independence of Bahrain.
Keywords
international relations